Fluid transmission-gear.



H. LENTZ.-

. FLUID TRANgMIssIoN GEAR. I APPLICATION .LBD HAY 23, 1911.

1,106,390. Patented Aug. u, 194m.

z SHEETS-SHEET 1'.

Ii. LENTZ. FLUID TRANSMISSION GEAR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 2s, 1911.

Patented Aug. 11,1914

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNLSSES 'NvENfroR 754/, U- Huso LENT;

ATTO K N EY las airain? FLUID TRANSMISSION-GEAR.

Specification of Application tiled May 23,

To /IZZ whom it Imay (fomfr'm Be it known that l, lleno LnN'rz. asuhjeet. ot' the German lhnperor. residingat (irrnnivald, near Berlin.Germany. hare invented a new and usel'nl l `luid Transmission-Gear: andl do herebyv deelare tht` t'ollowing to he a tall. elear. and` exactdeseription ot' the same.

The present; invention relatesto a t'orm ot' fluid transmission lgearwhieh is novel and exceedingly simple in eonstrnrtion, and in whiehthere is a minimum ol' resistant-e to the propelling tluid. andeonsequently a large ellieiene).

In tinid transmission gears. of all kinds, it. is ot the greatestimportanre to prevent. as tar as possible.` ehanges in direetion ot flowot' the propelling liquid. in ordeithat the etlieienry Shall hemaintained at the highest possible. lt, is well reeopjnized that everyrhange in dilcrtion ot' the tlnid. means propt'ntionateli7 loss ot itsenergy. whieh loss is further inereased owing to the t'aet that almostevery ehang'e in dii'eetion is aerompanied h v an alteration in the eros-seetion- A further desideratnin for etlieient transmission ot' power.is the prevention ot the division o'l" the/.stream ot' liquid intoseveral part-s, sueh division heilig hield;r disadvantageous. lnaddition. and espeeiall)Y in the propulsion ot' vehieles. the questionot eeononly must he earet'nlly studied. Because ot' the omission ornegleet ot' one or more ot' said prineipal eonditions. no type of Huidtransmission `ear lhas heretofore heen devised, whieh eoultl. with an)vreasonahle degree ot' sueeess he applied to rehieles. While it isexceedingly ditiieult to eomhiue. all these advantages into one simplestrutture. and especially in n torni wherein the a\'is olI the pump isat an angle. with respeet to that ol' the motor. l have aeeomplished thesame h v means ot'the arrangement illustrated in the aeeompanyinl;l drawings and hereinafter t|eserioed.

.The desired result is hrought ahont hy a new method of admission ot`the pumped liquid to the pump as well as to the moto;- or motors to hedriven thereln' and eonstitutinfr the dill'erential ynear; in theprovisirm ot' a new arrangement' o'l3 two eontrolliimr members orvalves. and also in a new ara'angfement ot pressure and suetion chambersor Canals.v As a result. not only are the shortest, eanal guides avoided, hut also there is assured tho avoidance of all, but one, nl

Lette-rs Patentt.atented Etna; t i, tilt 1911. Serial No. 629.041.

l the disadrantageous ehangres ol' diieetion ot' j the lluidA 'thisunaroidahle rhangle in diret'- lion is ne. in the instanee illustiated.to the iart that the pump is perpeinlienlar to the motor ronstituting;the dili'eremial. ltr nir new arrangement. ever)v dirision ot.' thi`stream el' liquid is afrided.

n yl`he eharaeterirftirs otl the present invention` espeeiallj; in theillustrated torni, are the inplo .'h|ent. ot one-sided admissionplllllll* llltl llllllUl'S llltll l.\(.\l HV@ ll'llill dlenlar lo lxarhother. with two eontrollintf valves arrangi'ed symmetrirallj.' to arertieal plane passing through the axis ot the 'pnmn and mutableparallel. or approxiinatetr so. to ,said axis. and with two eanals(either ot' while the other is nsed as the pressure elialnher)preferably one above the other. The eonst'rnetion and eentrol ot and ln'nach valves is (claimed land more tally described in mr so-pendingapplieation. {'lei'ial s'nnr her ($23.594. and ltnown as Series XXXV.

ReferringY to the accompanyingl drawing. whieh illustrates one exampleot' my invention. l `igure `1 is a lonejitutlinal seetion of a gearembodying my present improvements; Fig. 2 illustrates a seetion at ll-Aot Fig. l; Fir: Il illustrates a like section with Ln valve i1. in aditl'erent position; Fig. l is view. illust rating a section at ll-- ofFig'. l Fig. 5 shows a set-tion on the line 'Bl-Fw (i- -ll ol` lfig. lY

llpon examination ot| Fig. l. it shows a easingh n. eontainingr aplurality (two) of pressure pumps ff and r. one haringr a largerrapaeity than the other. and a motor 'l`he two pumps are mounted inseries upon a shalt to he driren together hy an explosion or otherengine tnot shown). yThe axis oll rotation olI the pumps isperpefnlieular to or at a right angle relati'v'elil to the axis oi'rotation otl motor r. lftlesired. there ma;V he two oxinore motors f' onthe .sama shaft or rerolring' around the ame axis. as shown in Fig, 5.whieh shows two pistons e. whieh earr)y the ranes in radial slots. whichYanes are moved ln' means of j fniderollers. 'lhese rollers run willitheir heads in lateral enrred Q'roores r. whieh are prorided on one sidein the rovers s, and on the other side iu the rrntral wall. The pistonse are mounted upon the rear wheel axles o and p oll the power rehiele.'the easinghas two ehamhers nr eanals. a pressure elnunher j. at` thehottom ol' the easing. and a suction whieh mayY he nsed as the suetionrhatnoer the nooad function, (2) the pressure function, and (.3) thesuction function.

'l5 The lfollowing requirements may be laidl down for a correctly andeconomically operating hydraulic gear. It a pump is rotated, the liquidmust be so conducted that its course is self-inclosed and only thesmallest possible resistance opposes the starting; otherwise the passageot' the oil through many curves and contractions, would mean too greatresistance and renderA difficult the rotation of the motor.

As appears from Fig. 3, the oil, in its noload function, encounters butone curve v(designated by e) on its-way from the pum to its arrival atthe suction side thereo which curve cannot be avoided, since the liquidmust describe .i closed curve. There is obtained, therefore, the minimumof curves-and, consequently, the minimum of resistance. The secondrequirement is that,

at throwing on of the speed, the quantity oi.

oil drawn upon for power, as well as the quantity of-oil performing nowork, should be as small as possible. Supposing that the first (lowest)speed is to be thrown in, the smaller pump e drives the oil, sucked upby 4e it, into the pressure channel j, so that the oil from' the pump tothe motor e (which constitutes, at one end, the sole communicationbetween the two canals) undergoes, during its free movement, but onechange of direction, as indicated by fc. If there were many curves andtransverses to be passed, the resistance would become so high as tomaterially reduce the eliciency ofthe gear, especially in power-vehicleswhere a high numer of revolutions is especially desirable. The oil inleaving the differential (motor or motors, e) Hows away tangentially,and in leaving the suction canal or chamber 7c again encounters only asingle change of direcv tion--designated by y,--in order to return tothe pump.

The pumps and motors may be of any suitable construction. l have shownrotary parts -having the vanes, b c', d', slidably titte/d thereto inany usual manner.

In throwing in a higher, or the highest, speed, it is just so much moreimportant that t e entire quantity of oil should pass through no curvesor transverse canals, since the high number of'revolutions of the motoror motors must be assured. The speed of the oil is about tive times thatof the motor, and since, in gears for power purposes, this speed cannotbe reduced-becfause, otherwise, the apparatus would be too large to becontained in a vehicle chassis-it is absolutely necessary to provide thecanal guides with the smallest possible number of curves; to dodifferently, would mean great'resistances, rey duc-,ing the efliciencysoas to leave the gear out ol favorable consideration upon com# parisonwith a toothed. gear. Upon throwing in the highest speed, the entirequantity of oil traverses the path previously de` scribed-tliat is, uponleaving the umps y30 until arrival at the ditferential, it m `ts but Yl, one deviation. vFor the first time, therefore, a gear is providedwhich, at every speed as well as at the 11o-load function, there is butone change ot'direction of the liquid, and 85 one which may be used, forpower-vehicles especially, with the highest possible ediciency. I What Iclaim is: 4

1. A liquid power transmission mechanism comprising a unitary casing, arotary motor and a rotary pumpy within said casing in such position thatthe axis of each is perpendicular to a plane containing the axis of theother, said casing being provided with V two substantially parallelconduits connect-v ing the discharge of the pump with the inlet of themotor and the discharge of the motor with the inlet ofthe pump,communieating at their ends adjacent the motor with the passage forfluid through the motor and lying in the same plane with said passage,and communicating at their opposite ends with the pump through twobranches common to both conduits, which passages communieate with thepassage for liquid through the pump and lie in the same lane therewith,and a valve for each brano overning the communication between it and othconduits.

2. A liquid power transmission mechanism comprising a unitary casing, arotary motor and a rotary pump Vwithin said casing in such position thatthe axis of each is perpendicular to a plane containing the axis of theother, said casing being provided'with two substantially parallelconduits connecting the discharge of the pump with the inlet of themotor andthe discharge 'of themotor with the inlet of the pump,communicating at their ends adjacent the motor with the passage forfluid through the motor and lying in the same plane-with said'passage,and communicating at their opposite ends with the pump through twobranches commonto both conduits, which passages communicate with thepassage for-liquid through the pump and lie in the same plane therewith,and a valve for each branch governing the communication between it andboth 13o conduits, the passage of the valves and the passage through thepumps controlled thereby having the same cross-section.

3. A liquid power transmission mechanism comprising a unitary casing,arotary motor and a rotary pump within said casing in such position thatthe axis of each is perpendicular to a plane containing the axis of theother, said casing being provided 'with two substantially' parallelconduits connecting the discharge of the pump with the inlet of themotor and the discharge of the motor with `the inlet of the pump,communicating at their endsadjacent the motor with the passage for HuidthroughA vthe motor and lying in the same plane with said passage, andcommunicating at their opposite ends with the pump through two branchescomtains the same crossysectional area., as when i passing the pumps.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my l name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

Witnesses: y

Luzon Kmus, A. 0. TrrrMANN.

